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Rev. Dr. Joshua K. Ogawa
(Chairman of International Affairs of Japan Evangelical Association)

Korean Missionaries in Japan
Introduction
It is a great privilege and honor for me to share with you something about the Korean missionaries in Japan. And at the same time I would like to express my deep appreciation to Rev. Dr. Kim Myung Hyuk and KEF pastors who have humbly dared to ask us to give some constructive criticisms concerning your missionaries serving in Japan.
First of all, I want you to know that we have been very thankful to the Korean missionaries and their services in Japan. Their love and commitment to God in Christ as well as to the Japanese people for the sake of the Gospel have been widely recognized. They have presented good examples of an Asian response to the Great Commission. Their emphasis on church-based missionary work has been a significant challenge to the individual or para-church-oriented missionary enterprises of some Western countries. Korean missionaries¡¯ presence and ministries have a significant contribution in  changing the image of Christianity in Japan from something Western to something universal.    
I.  Korean missionaries as I came to know them in Japan
Over the past forty years of my ministries in and outside of Japan I have the privilege of meeting with dozens of Korean missionaries working in Japan and overseas. In particular I had a significant opportunity of training Asian missionaries including Koreans every year in the 1980¡¯s. Some of the characteristics I have observed are as follow.
Their sense of God¡¯s call is very clear and strong. Their determination, concentration, and endurance are outstanding. The great missionary vision is firmly caught by them and clearly defined. Their prayer life and immediate actions towards their goals are extraordinary. Their dedication to Christ is so attractive and beautiful. They are always aware of their role and part in the Korean world mission movement from their own country. They are ready to go anywhere, to do anything for the sake of the Gospel. Their missionary zeal is unusual due to their strong church backgrounds. Their fresh understanding and training of what the church is and how it should be established back in Korea have motivated them for missionary service in Japan over the past years.
Throughout my life and ministry as missionary and pastor I myself have received a tremendous encouragement, comfort, and challenge from Korean missionaries and pastors. When I met one Korean missionary in the early 1970¡¯s he looked lonely and was quietly praying for the future destination of his missionary service. But later in Japan he proved himself to be an effective church planter and disciple trainer, and today his ministries have been well established. Another Korean missionary, who in the beginning suffered a lot in English language circumstances, as is normally the case with missionaries from non-English speaking Asian countries, later became a missionary in Japan well respected by fellow Western missionaries, and now vigorously involved in church planting after rather a difficult pastoral work in an old Korean church in the country. Another Korean missionary couple, after serving two or three terms in Japan, has now headed up a new missionary sending agency back in Korea based on their experiences in Japan. There are missionaries who once were successful pastors in Korea, but later they responded God¡¯s call to Japan and now have established their good church ministries in some of the hardest soils there. While being foreign students or trainees in Japan, God¡¯s missionary call came to some of those Korean Christians and they left their pursuits of further study or business in Korea to serve in Japan. They are now very effective missionary pastors in different parts of Japan. Many of the Korean missionaries have been humble, gracious, forgiving, and sacrificial in their relationship with the Japanese people, even though humanly speaking it is impossible for them to be such as we come to know the historical backgrounds of the two nations in the previous century. These are only some illustrations of Koran missionaries in Japan.
II.  Advantages and disadvantages of Korea missionaries in Japan
Korean missionaries have advantage of adopting Japanese culture and of learning language more readily than Western counterparts. It is not just because Korean and Japanese cultures are a part of the Asian mega-culture, but also because these two countries have a unique relationship for more than 1500 years as neighboring countries.
Korean missionaries may also have weaknesses, limitations, shortcomings, or disadvantages. But in various ways disadvantages could turn to be advantages. In the earlier years Korean missionary friends of mine were sharing about their disadvantage, saying, ¡°We Korean missionaries do not have the blond hair or blue eyes of the Western missionaries which make them attractive to many Japanese. And those Japanese who have been to the West or have learned some Western languages are more interested in the Westerners than in Asians such as Koreans. In Japan, Christianity has been regarded as the Western religion, thus many Japanese understand ¡®missions¡¯ or ¡®missionaries¡¯ as something Western. Westerners certainly have some unique attractions and advantages in Japan. ¡± But as Korean missionaries live and serve longer in Japan they may come to realize that they are able to establish deeper relationships with Japanese people that allow them to share more easily their serious problems with the Korean missionaries. Japanese culture emphasizes more emotional harmony rather than logic. People are expected to reserve their own views for the sake of harmony. Moreover, non-verbal communication is much appreciated in Japan. Korean missionaries could be much more sensitive to the Japanese culture in these areas. Korean missionaries also have a strong advantage for Japanese language acquisition because they have the common kanji (or Chinese character) culture. While Western missionaries often do evangelism through English conversation, Koreans can immediately go into the direct evangelism. There is a beautiful testimony of a Korean missionary. ¡°My Western missionary friends often ask me about the dawn prayer meetings in Korean churches. ¡®Isn¡¯t it really hard for pastors to work until late at night and then next morning lead the dawn prayers every day? Don¡¯t they take a rest sometime during the day?¡¯ They don¡¯t know that many Korean pastors significantly cut their sleep time in order to pray. We have been trained to practice prayer rather than discuss it. Western missionaries come to Japan with a post-Christian background. Thus they tend to be more interested in ¡®Christian fellowship¡¯ and are rather negative towards the established church. Faith is understood by Westerners more intellectually than practically. In Korea, however, the Christian church is still very alive, and missionaries are all sent by those churches. This living faith is exercised in daily Christian life and ministry.¡± It could be said that the dynamic faith of early Western missionaries to Asia such as that of William Carey, Adoniram Judson, or of Hudson Taylor is now being remodeled in the lives and ministries of Korean missionaries in Japan and in other countries. As the cost of living is very high in Japan, missionary finance could be another disadvantage for Korean missionaries in Japan. They have to sacrifice a lot in Japan. In fact, with the amount of support for one missionary family in Japan they could support a very big building project as well as a missionary serving in other countries. But their humble life style of faith and their zeal for the Gospel can reach the hearts of the Japanese more effectively. As Korean missionaries patiently serve alongside their Western counterparts in Japan, they can together demonstrate Christian faith as a universal religion in Japan.
III.  Current state of the churches in Japan
The Christian Information Service provides yearly data concerning statistics of the Japanese churches. Usually this data is used mainly to put the focus on the total numbers (such as number of churches, membership, and baptized people etc.). A few years ago, an analysis was tempted as to the data of 2005 to examine some of the characteristics of the current Japanese churches.
Worship attendees per church
The "average" of worship attendees is 36. However, this is an arithmetic meaning, and since distribution is not symmetrical, the majority of churches fall below the average. Actually, 72% of churches in Japan are under the "average", and only 28% of churches are over the "average". If we arrange all churches in Japan according to their average worship attendance, from the smallest to the largest, the attendance number that comes just in the middle of this line is 23, or 24 , which is the median. In order to correctly grasp the true state of churches in Japan "median" is more appropriate than "average". This analysis shows that there are so many small churches in Japan. The churches that have over 70 worship attendees are in the upper 10%. These are large churches in Japan.
"Planting new churches" is important in Japan, but at the same time, it is vitally important for Korean missionaries to help the smaller existing churches. Present models of church growth that are suggested or proposed at seminars or in books might be more applicable for churches which are somewhat larger in size. We need to investigate church growth models that are appropriate for much smaller churches in Japan.
Baptisms per church during the past one year
The total number of baptisms during the year was 8,844, and the average per church was 1.14. Sixty five percent of total churches in Japan had no baptism during the year. This is an amazing report. It is not that Japanese Christians are inactive or lazy at evangelism. A strong enthusiasm still exists! As we look at the churches where the number of baptisms is more than 10, only 143 churches fall into this category. This is 1.8% of all the churches, and these churches are in the urban areas.
Evangelism and discipleship theory would say that not only pastors should do evangelistic activities, but lay Christians also should be trained as evangelistic disciples. However, the truth is more severe, even many professional ministers cannot lead a single person to conversion in Japan. They must be trained for evangelism. It is essential. Could Korean missionaries help Japanese pastors in this area?
IV.  My sincere expectations for the Korean missionaries in Japan
1.        To be Japanese pastor-supporters as well as to be independent church planters.
2.        Contribution of Korean church elders may be expected in the Japanese churches.
3.        Partnership could be established between Korean big churches and Japanese small churches.
4.        Partnership could be promoted more between Korean and Japanese churches and sending agencies for world mission.
5.        Could both churches encourage their Christian men and women for international marriages between Koreans and Japanese?
6.        Could we plan to do something together for the work of missions among retired pastors or Christian senior citizens in both countries?

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III. ÀϺ» ±³È¸ÀÇ ÇöȲ

±âµ¶±³ Á¤º¸±¹Àº ÀϺ» ±³È¸µéÀÇ Åë°è¼ýÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ¸Å³â Á¦°øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. º¸Åë ÀÌ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ´Â ÁÖ·Î ÃÑ ¼ýÀÚ¿¡ ÃÊÁ¡À» ¸ÂÃä´Ï´Ù(±³È¸ ¼ýÀÚ, ±³ÀμýÀÚ, ¼¼·Ê¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷ ¼ýÀÚ µî). ¸î ³â Àü, ÇÑ ºÐ¼®¿¡¼­´Â 2005³â µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ °¡Áö°í ÇöÀç ÀϺ» ±³È¸ÀÇ ¸î °¡Áö Ư¡À» Á¶»çÇغ¸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

±³È¸ ´ç ¿¹¹è Âü¼®ÀÚ¼ö

¡°Æò±Õ¡± ¿¹¹è Âü¼®ÀÚ¼ö´Â 36¸íÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ »ê¼úÀûÀ¸·Î ±×·¸´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ°í, ±³ÀκÐÆ÷´Â ±ÕÇüÀûÀÌÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ´ë´Ù¼öÀÇ ±³È¸´Â Æò±ÕÀ» ÈξÀ ¹Øµ½´Ï´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î, ÀϺ» ±³È¸ÀÇ 72%´Â ¡°Æò±Õ¡± ÀÌÇÏÀ̸ç, 28% ¸¸ÀÌ ¡°Æò±Õ¡± ÀÌ»óÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀϺ»ÀÇ ¸ðµç ±³È¸¸¦ Æò±Õ ¿¹¹è Âü¼®ÀÚ¼ö¿¡ µû¶ó °¡Àå ÀÛÀº °ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ °¡Àå Å« °Í±îÁö ÀÏ·Ä·Î ¹è¿­ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ÀÌ ¼±ÀÇ ÇÑ°¡¿îµ¥ ÀÖ´Â Âü¼®ÀÚ ¼ýÀÚ´Â 23¸í ȤÀº 24¸íÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ Áß¾Ó°ªÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀϺ» ³» ±³È¸ÀÇ ÂüµÈ »óŸ¦ Á¦´ë·Î ÆľÇÇϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â ¡°Æò±Õ¡±º¸´Ù´Â ¡°Áß¾Ó°ª¡±ÀÌ ´õ ÀûÀýÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÐ¼®Àº ÀϺ»¿¡ ÀÛÀº ±³È¸°¡ ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¸¹´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁÝ´Ï´Ù. 70¸í ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¹¹è Âü¼®ÀÚ°¡ ÀÖ´Â ±³È¸´Â »óÀ§ 10%¿¡ ÇØ´çµË´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Á¤µµ¸é ÀϺ»¿¡¼­´Â ´ë±³È¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

¡°»õ ±³È¸¸¦ °³Ã´ÇÏ´Â °Í¡±ÀÌ ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ µ¿½Ã¿¡ Çѱ¹ ¼±±³»çµéÀÇ ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ÀÛÀº ±³È¸¸¦ µ½´Â °ÍÀÌ Àý´ëÀûÀ¸·Î Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼¼¹Ì³ª³ª Ã¥¿¡¼­ Á¦¾ÈÇϰųª ½Ã»çÇÏ´Â ÇöÀçÀÇ ±³È¸ ¼ºÀå ¸ðµ¨Àº ´Ù¼Ò ±Ô¸ð°¡ Å« ±³È¸µé¿¡ ´õ Àß Àû¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô´Â ÀϺ»ÀÇ ÈξÀ ´õ ÀÛÀº ±³È¸µé¿¡°Ô ÀûÀýÇÑ ±³È¸ ¼ºÀå ¸ðµ¨À» ¿¬±¸ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Áö³­ ÇÑ ÇØ µ¿¾È ±³È¸´ç ¼¼·Ê¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷ ¼ýÀÚ

ÇÑ ÇØ µ¿¾È ¼¼·Ê¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÃѼö´Â 8,844¸íÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±³È¸ ´ç Æò±Õ 1.14¸íÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀϺ» ³» ±³È¸ ÀüüÀÇ 65%´Â Àϳ⠵¿¾È ´Ü ÇÑ ¸í¿¡°Ôµµ ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ³î¶ó¿î º¸°íÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀϺ» ±×¸®½ºµµÀεéÀÌ È°¹ßÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ùµç°¡ Àüµµ¿¡ °ÔÀ¸¸£´Ù´Â ¸»ÀÌ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. ¿­·ÄÇÑ ¿­½ÉÀÌ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ Á¸ÀçÇÕ´Ï´Ù! ¼¼·Ê¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¼ýÀÚ°¡ 10¸í ÀÌ»óÀÎ ±³È¸µéÀ» º¸¸é, °ÜÈÄ 143°³ÀÇ ±³È¸¸¸ÀÌ ÀÌ ¹üÁÖ¿¡ µé¾î°©´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ±³È¸ ÀüüÀÇ 1.8%¿¡ ÇØ´çµÇ¸ç, ÀÌ ±³È¸µéÀº µµ½Ã Áö¿ª¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Àüµµ¿Í Á¦ÀÚµµ ÀÌ·ÐÀº ¸ñ»çµéÀÌ Àüµµ È°µ¿À» ÇÒ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, Æò½Åµµ ±×¸®½ºµµÀÎµé ¿ª½Ã ÀüµµÇÏ´Â Á¦ÀÚ·Î ÈÆ·Ã¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ Áø»óÀº ´õ ½É°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½ÉÁö¾î ¸¹Àº Àü¹® »ç¿ªÀÚµéÁ¶Â÷ ÀϺ»¿¡¼­ ÇÑ ´Ü ¸íµµ ȸ½ÉÇϵµ·Ï ÀεµÇÏÁö ¸øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº Àüµµ ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ ÇʼöÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Çѱ¹ ¼±±³»çµéÀÌ ÀÌ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­ ÀϺ» ¸ñ»çµéÀ» µµ¿ï ¼ö ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î¿ä?

IV. ÀϺ» ³» Çѱ¹ ¼±±³»çµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³ªÀÇ Ãæ½É¿¡¼­ ¿ì·¯³­ ±â´ë

1. µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ ±³È¸ ¼³¸³ÀÚÀÏ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀϺ» ¸ñ»çÀÇ ÈÄ¿øÀÚ°¡ µÇ´Â °Í.                     
2. Çѱ¹ ±³È¸ Àå·ÎµéÀÇ ±â¿©¸¦ ÀϺ» ±³È¸¿¡¼­ ±â´ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½.
3. Çѱ¹ÀÇ Å« ±³È¸µé ¹× ÀϺ»ÀÇ ÀÛÀº ±³È¸µéÀÇ Çù·Â °ü°è.
4. Çѱ¹ ¹× ÀϺ» ±³È¸µé°ú ¼¼°è ¼±±³ Æļ۱â°üµé °ü¿¡ Çù·Â °ü°è ÃËÁø.
5. ¾çÃø ±³È¸ ¸ðµÎ ±×¸®½ºµµÀÎ ³²³àµéÀÌ Çѱ¹Àΰú ÀϺ»ÀÎ °£¿¡ ±¹Á¦ °áÈ¥À» Çϵµ·Ï Àå·ÁÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ»±î?
6. ¾ç±¹ÀÇ ÀºÅð ¸ñȸÀÚ È¤Àº ±×¸®½ºµµÀÎ ³ëÀεéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ¼±±³ »ç¿ªÀ» À§ÇØ ÇÔ²² ¹º°¡¸¦ ÇÒ °èȹÀ» ¼¼¿ï ¼ö ÀÖÀ»±î?







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1026  6¿ù ¹ßÇ¥-Çã¹®¿µ¹Ú»ç(ÁÖº¯±¹°¡µé ¹× Çϳª´Ô°úÀÇ °ü°è¿¡ ºñÃß¾î º» ÇѹݵµÀÇ À§±â¿Í ÆòÈ­)      ÇѺ¹Çù 2005/06/10 8368
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1023  6¿ù ¹ßÇ¥-ÀüÈ£Áø ¹Ú»ç(¿ä¾àº»)      ÇѺ¹Çù 2006/06/05 8193
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